What To Do If Your Split System is Leaking Water: A Complete Guide
If you’ve noticed water pooling around your split system air conditioner, it’s a sign that something isn’t quite right. A leaking split system can be more than just a nuisance − it can lead to water damage, mould growth, and decreased cooling efficiency.
But there’s no need to panic. While water leakage might seem alarming, it’s often a common issue that can be fixed with a little troubleshooting. In this guide, we’ll walk you through the steps to identify the cause of the leak and what you can do about it.
From checking for clogged drain lines to cleaning dirty filters, we’ve got you covered. Let’s get started and explore how to get your split system air conditioner back to working efficiently and keeping your home cool and comfortable.
What Causes a Split System to Leak?
A leaking split system can be caused by several common issues. Understanding these causes can help you pinpoint the problem and take the right steps to fix it.
Here are some of the main culprits:
- Clogged drain line: Over time, dirt, mould and debris can clog the drain line, causing water to back up and overflow. This is a frequent reason for water leaks.
- Dirty air filters: When filters are clogged with dust and dirt, they restrict airflow, leading to excess moisture and potential ice build up on the coils. As the ice melts, it can lead to leaks.
- Low refrigerant levels: Low refrigerant can cause the coils to freeze, which then leads to water leakage as the ice melts. It’s often a sign of a larger issue, like a refrigerant leak, that needs professional attention.
- Damaged or cracked drain pan: The drain pan collects condensation, and if it’s damaged, it can leak water. Over time, pans can crack or rust, especially in older units.
If your split system is the wrong size for the area you’re cooling, it could lead to the above problems. Knowing these causes will help you troubleshoot the issue and decide whether you can handle the fix or need a professional’s help.
Identify the Cause of the Leak
When you notice your split system leaking water, the first step is to figure out what’s causing the issue. Here are a few common causes to look out for:
- Clogged drain line: The drain line carries condensation away from the unit, but it can get clogged with dust, mould or debris. When this happens, water has nowhere to go and can start leaking.
- Dirty or clogged air filters: If your air filters are dirty, they can restrict airflow. This can lead to excess moisture build up and, in some cases, cause ice to form on the evaporator coils. As the ice melts, it may leak from the unit.
- Low refrigerant levels: When the refrigerant is low, it can cause the coils to freeze up. As the ice melts, it can overflow and cause water to drip from the unit. Low refrigerant often signals a more significant issue and may require professional attention.
- Damaged drain pan: Over time, the drain pan can crack or rust, especially in older units. When the pan can’t hold the water, it can result in leaks.
Identifying the cause will help you take the right steps to fix the issue and get your system running smoothly again.
Turn Off the Unit and Inspect for Visible Issues
The first thing you should do when you notice water leaking from your split system is to turn it off. This is important for safety reasons and will prevent further damage while you investigate. Once the unit is off, take a close look at it to see if there are any obvious issues causing the leak.
Check for ice buildup on the evaporator coils, as this is a common culprit for water leaks. When the ice melts, it can overflow the drain pan and cause water to leak. Also, inspect the area around the drain pan to see if it’s overflowing or has any cracks. Blocked or dirty drain lines can lead to overflowing, so look for any visible clogs as well.
If you see water pooling around the unit or dripping from specific areas, try to pinpoint where the water is coming from. Taking these initial steps will give you a better idea of the problem and help you decide if you can handle the fix or need to call in a professional.
Check the Drain Pan and Drain Line
One of the most common reasons for a split system to leak water is a problem with the drain pan or drain line. These components are responsible for collecting and channelling away the condensation that naturally forms during the cooling process.
Over time, the drain pan can crack or become misaligned, causing water to spill over. To check it, turn off the unit and locate the drain pan beneath the indoor unit. Look for any cracks or signs of overflow. If you find any, the pan may need to be replaced.
Next, take a look at the drain line, which can sometimes become clogged with dirt, mould or other debris. A blocked drain line can cause water to back up and leak from the system.
To clear it, you can try using a wet/dry vacuum or a pipe cleaner to gently remove any blockages. Keeping the drain pan and drain line clear and in good shape will help prevent leaks and ensure your split system continues to run smoothly and efficiently.
Clean or Replace Air Filters
Dirty air filters are a common cause of water leaks in split systems. When filters get clogged, they restrict airflow, which can lead to ice forming on the coils. As the ice melts, it often causes water to leak from the unit.
Here’s how to keep your filters in top shape:
- Turn off the system: Before checking the filters, make sure to turn off your split system to prevent any accidents.
- Remove and inspect the filters: Locate the air filters in the indoor unit, usually behind a panel. Take them out and inspect them for dirt, dust, and build up. If they look clogged, it’s time for a cleaning or replacement.
- Clean with warm soapy water: For reusable filters, rinse them gently with warm, soapy water. Allow them to dry completely before putting them back. This prevents any moisture from going into the system and causing additional issues.
- Replace if necessary: If your filters are disposable or too worn out, it’s best to replace them. Regularly changing filters not only prevents leaks but also helps your system run more efficiently.
By keeping your air filters clean, you can avoid leaks and improve your split system’s performance.
Assess Refrigerant Levels
Low refrigerant levels are another common reason for water leaks in split systems. When refrigerant is low, it can cause the evaporator coils to freeze. As the ice melts, it leads to water leakage.
Here’s how to approach refrigerant issues:
- Turn off the system: If you suspect a refrigerant problem, it’s best to turn off the unit to prevent further damage or ice buildup.
- Look for ice on the coils: Check the indoor unit for any signs of ice on the evaporator coils. This is a strong indicator that refrigerant levels may be low. If you see ice, it’s time to call in a professional, as this is not a DIY fix.
- Listen for hissing or bubbling sounds: Low refrigerant can cause strange noises, like hissing or bubbling, which might indicate a leak. If you hear these sounds, it’s a sign that you’ll need professional help to repair and recharge the system.
- Don’t attempt DIY refrigerant handling: Handling refrigerant requires specialised tools and certification. If you suspect a refrigerant issue, contact a licensed technician to assess and fix the problem.
Getting refrigerant levels checked and recharged by a pro will keep your system running smoothly and prevent further leaks.
Consider Professional Help for Persistent Leaks
If your split system continues to leak despite your best efforts, it’s time to call in a professional. While some water leaks can be resolved with a quick DIY fix, persistent leaks often point to deeper issues that require expert attention.
Here’s when to bring in the pros:
- Recurring water leaks: If you’ve cleaned the drain line, replaced the filters, and addressed other possible causes, but water is still leaking, it’s a sign there may be a hidden issue, like a damaged drain pan or a refrigerant leak.
- Unusual noises or odours: Strange sounds or musty smells coming from the unit could indicate mould growth, a refrigerant issue, or other problems that need a trained eye.
- Lack of cooling or uneven airflow: If your system is not cooling properly, it may be due to underlying mechanical issues. A professional technician can diagnose and fix problems that aren’t immediately visible.
- Refrigerant handling: Low refrigerant needs to be refilled by a licensed technician, as handling refrigerants requires specific tools and expertise.
A professional can help ensure your split system runs efficiently, safely, and leak-free.
Resolve the Problem Quickly
A leaking split system can be a hassle, but with some troubleshooting, you can often pinpoint the issue and take steps to resolve it. Start by turning off the unit and inspecting for visible problems, like clogged drain lines or dirty filters. If you can’t find the source, or if the leak persists, it may be time to call in a professional.
They can assess refrigerant levels, repair damaged parts, and ensure everything is working as it should. Remember, regular maintenance is key to preventing leaks and keeping your split system running efficiently.
By staying proactive, you can avoid costly repairs and enjoy a cool, comfortable home all year round. Don’t let a little leak turn into a big problem – take action today.
Please note: This information is provided for advice purposes only. Regulations differ from state to state, so please consult your local authorities or an industry professional before proceeding with any work. See our Terms & Conditions here.